Such trends can be positive (increased height) or negative (decreased height).Maintenance of the internal environment of an organism within an acceptable range.The cessation of the menstrual cycle, meaning the end of a female's ability to bear children.The loss on bone mass often due to age, causing the bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.Biological changes that occur during an individual's lifetime, increasing the individual's fitness in that given environment.Refers to an organism's ability to maintain a constant body temperature despite great variations in environmental temperature.The increase in blood vessels' diameter due to the action of a nerve or of a drug; it can also occur in response to hot temperatures.The principle that an animals size is heat-related; smaller bodies are adapted to hot environments, and larger bodies are adapted to cold environments.The principe that an animal's limb lengths are heat-related; limbs are longer in hot environments and shorter in cold environments.Condition in which an organism's body temperature falls below the normal range, which may lead to the loss of proper body functions and, eventually, deathDecrease in blood vessel's diameter due to the action of a nerve or of a drug; it an also occur in response to cold temperatures.Rate at which an organisms body, while at rest, expands energy to maintain basic bodily functions; measured by the amount of heat given off per kilogram of body weight.Refers to the amount of light reflected from the skin that can be measured and used to asses skin color.Melanin-producing cells located in the skin's epidermis.Brown pigment that determines the darkness or lightness of a human's skin color due to its concentration in the skin.The rating calculated by comparing the length of time needed for protected skin to burn to the length of time needed for unprotected skin to burn.Less than usual sea-level amount of oxygen in the air or in the body.The minimum amount of energy needed to keep an organism alive.The number of calories used by an organism's body during a 24 hour period.Essential chemical nutrients, including fat, carbohydrates, and protein, that a body needs to live and to function normally.Essential substances, such as minerals or vitamins, needed in very small amounts to maintain normal body functioning.Presence of high levels of cholesterol in an organism's blood; this condition may result from the dietary consumption of foods that promise high cholesterol or through the inheritance of a genetic disorder.Disease in which the body does not produce sufficient amounts of insulin or the cells do not use available insulin, causing a buildup of glucose in the cells.Occurs at population level via natural selection.

These birds usually have beaks that are sharper and stronger to crack seeds open. However, jealousy also serves as one of the main triggers for relationship violence, particularly among individuals who experience chronic concerns about possible infidelity ( Puente & Cohen, 2003 ).

Another adaptation whales developed to protect themselves is related to size. someone with sickle cell anemia).Occurs at the level of the individual during a critical period of growth and development, childhood esp.Occurs at the individual level, but unlike Developmental Adaptation it can occur anytime during a person's lifetime.Involves use of material culture to make living possible in certain settings (ex.

Background noises are an excellent example of sensory adaptation in the case of hearing; these noises literally fade to the background because the ear is used to the constant stimulus. Jealousy, for example, is highly functional in that it leads people to ward off potential sexual and romantic rivals (Buss, Larsen, Westen, & Semmelroth, 1992). Start studying Anthropology CH.5 Terms. Sensory adaptation can also be experienced with touch, in which hot water seems temperate after a few minutes, for example.

Information processing is the highly abstract domain upon which psychological adaptations are thought to operate. Gradual change in some phenotypic characteristic from one population to the next.Single strongest factor in determining skin pigmentation is...Timing and details of growth events and development events from conception through senescence and death.The first stage of life, beginning with the zygote in utero, terminating with birth, and involving multiple mitotic events and the differentiation of the body into appropriate segments and regions.The production and secretion of milk from a female mammal's mammary gland, providing a food source for the young.The second stage of life, beginning with birth, terminating with the shift to adult stage, and involving substantial increases in height, weight, and brain growth and development.The third stage of life, involving the reproductive years and senescence.Any factor that can cause stress in an organism, potentially affecting the body's proper functioning and its homeostasis.The speed with which an organism grows in size, often measured as the amount of growth per year.Also known as baby's teeth or milk teeth, this is the first set of teeth, which form in utero and erupt shortly after birth.The process of substituting other foods for the milk produced by the mother.Refers to the performance of complex movements and actions that require the control of nerves and muscles.Refers to the capability of the brain to perceive, process, and judge information from the surrounding environment.Refers to the onset of menstruation in an adolescent female.A difference in physical attribute between males and females of a species.The end portions of long bones, once they fuse to the diaphyses, the bones stop growing longer.The main midsection, or shaft, portions of long bones; each contains a medullary cavity.A phenotypic change due to multiple factors.